Chapter 5
#Text is represented in programs by the string data type.
#Strings can also be saved in variables, just like any other data.
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>>> str1 = "Hello"
>>> str2 = 'spam'
>>> print (str1, str2)
Hello spam
>>> type(str1)
class 'st'
>>> type(str2)
class 'str'
#Recall that the input function returns whatever the user types as a string object.
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>>> firstName = input("Please enter your name: ")
Please enter your name : John
>>> print ("Hello", firstName)
Hello John
#The rest of this section takes you on a tour of the more important Python string operations.
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#Access the individual characters that make up the string.
#In Python, this can be done through the operation of indexing.
#Here are some interactive indexing examples:
>>> greet = "Hello Bob"
>>> greet[0]
'H'
>>> print (greet[O] , greet[2] , greet[4] )
H 1 o
>>> x = 8
>>> print (greet[x-2])
B
#Python also allows indexing from the right end of a string using negative indexes.
>>> greet[-1]
'b'
>>> greet [-3]
'B'
#A slice produces the substring starting at the position given by start and running up to, but not including, position end.#
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>>> greet [0: 3]
'Hel'
>>> greet [5: 9]
'Bob'
>>> greet[:5]
'Hello'
>>> greet[5:]
'Bob'
>>> greet[:]
'Hello Bob'
#The last three examples show that if either expression is missing,
#the start and end of the string are the assumed defaults.
#The final expression actually hands back the entire string.
#Concatenation builds a string by "gluing" two strings together.i>
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>>> "spam" + "eggs"
'spameggs'
>>> "Spam" + "And" + "Eggs"
'SpamAndEggs'
>>> "Spam" + " " + "and" + " " + "Eggs"
'Spam and Eggs'
>>> len("spam")
4
>>> "spam" * 5
'spamspamspamspamspam'
#Python string operations
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#Strings are always sequences of characters, whereas lists can be sequences of arbitrary objects.
>>> myList = [1, "Spam", 4, "U"]
>>> myList [0]
1
#SEE month.py and month2.py programs
